Fosfor
15
P
Groep
15
Periode
3
Blok
p
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
15
15
16
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
15
Atoommassa
30,973762
Massa Nommer
31
Kategorie
Niemetale
Kleur
Kleurloos
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Greek phosphoros, light bearing; ancient name for the planet Venus when appearing before sunrise
Kristalstruktuur
Simple Triclinic
Geskiendenis
Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 5
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms - white phosphorus and red phosphorus
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
1,82 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
317,25 K | 44,1 °C | 111,38 °F
Kookpunt
553 K | 279,85 °C | 535,73 °F
Heat of Fusion
0,64 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
12,4 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,769 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,099%
Oorvloed in die heelal
0,0007%
CAS Nommer
7723-14-0
PubChem CID Nommer
5462309
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
98 pm
Kovalente Radius
107 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
2,19 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
10,4867 eV
Atoom volume
17,0 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,00235 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Toepassings
Many fertilisers contain a high proportion of phosphorus and are manufactured from concentrated phosphoric acids.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
White phosphorus is highly toxic while red phosphorus is considered non-toxic
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
31POnstabiele Isotope
24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P