Iridium
77
Ir
Groep
9
Periode
6
Blok
d
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
77
77
115
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
77
Atoommassa
192,217
Massa Nommer
192
Kategorie
Oorgangsmetale
Kleur
Silver
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Latin word iris meaning rainbow
Kristalstruktuur
Gesiggesentreerde kubieke
Geskiendenis
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
22,56 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
2739,15 K | 2466 °C | 4470,8 °F
Kookpunt
4701,15 K | 4428 °C | 8002,4 °F
Heat of Fusion
26 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
560 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,131 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
4×10-8%
Oorvloed in die heelal
2×10-7%
CAS Nommer
7439-88-5
PubChem CID Nommer
23924
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
136 pm
Kovalente Radius
141 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
2,2 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
8,967 eV
Atoom volume
8,54 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
1,47 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Toepassings
Iridium is used in making crucibles and other equipment that is used at high temperatures.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
191Ir, 193IrOnstabiele Isotope
164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 168Ir, 169Ir, 170Ir, 171Ir, 172Ir, 173Ir, 174Ir, 175Ir, 176Ir, 177Ir, 178Ir, 179Ir, 180Ir, 181Ir, 182Ir, 183Ir, 184Ir, 185Ir, 186Ir, 187Ir, 188Ir, 189Ir, 190Ir, 192Ir, 194Ir, 195Ir, 196Ir, 197Ir, 198Ir, 199Ir