Osmium
76
Os
Groep
8
Periode
6
Blok
d
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
76
76
114
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
76
Atoommassa
190,23
Massa Nommer
190
Kategorie
Oorgangsmetale
Kleur
Leiklipgrys
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Greek word osme, meaning smell
Kristalstruktuur
Eenvoudige seshoekige
Geskiendenis
Osmium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Osmium is the least abundant stable element in the Earth's crust
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
22,61 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
3306,15 K | 3033 °C | 5491,4 °F
Kookpunt
5285,15 K | 5012 °C | 9053,6 °F
Heat of Fusion
31 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
630 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,13 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
1,8×10-7%
Oorvloed in die heelal
3×10-7%
Beeld Krediete: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Osmium crystals produced by chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS Nommer
7440-04-2
PubChem CID Nommer
23937
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
135 pm
Kovalente Radius
144 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
2,2 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
8,4382 eV
Atoom volume
8,49 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,876 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Toepassings
Osmium is used alloyed with other metals in the platinum group to produce very hard alloys.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Even low concentrations in air can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192OsOnstabiele Isotope
161Os, 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 185Os, 186Os, 191Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os