Stikstof

7
N
Groep
15
Periode
2
Blok
p
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
7
7
7
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
7
Atoommassa
14,0067
Massa Nommer
14
Kategorie
Niemetale
Kleur
Kleurloos
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Latin word nitrum, Greek Nitron, native soda; and genes, forming
Kristalstruktuur
Eenvoudige seshoekige
Geskiendenis
Nitrogen is considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.

It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.

In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
Elektrone per skil
2, 5
Elektronkonfigurasie
[He] 2s2 2p3
N
Nitrogen is present in all living organisms, in proteins, nucleic acids and other molecules
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Gas
Digtheid
0,0012506 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
63,15 K | -210 °C | -346 °F
Kookpunt
77,36 K | -195,79 °C | -320,42 °F
Heat of Fusion
0,36 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
2,79 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
1,04 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,002%
Oorvloed in die heelal
0,1%
Vial
Beeld Krediete: Images-of-elements
Vial of glowing ultrapure nitrogen
CAS Nommer
7727-37-9
PubChem CID Nommer
947
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
56 pm
Kovalente Radius
71 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
3,04 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
14,5341 eV
Atoom volume
17,3 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,0002598 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Toepassings
Nitrogen is used to produce ammonia and fertilizers, vital for current food production methods.

Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.

Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.

Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Rapid release of nitrogen gas into an enclosed space can displace oxygen, and therefore represents an asphyxiation hazard
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
14N, 15N
Onstabiele Isotope
10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N