Niobium

41
Nb
Groep
5
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
41
41
52
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
41
Atoommassa
92,90638
Massa Nommer
93
Kategorie
Oorgangsmetale
Kleur
Grys
Radioaktief
Nee
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Kristalstruktuur
Ligaamsgesentreerde kubieke
Geskiendenis
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.

In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.

The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Nb
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
8,57 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
2750,15 K | 2477 °C | 4490,6 °F
Kookpunt
5017,15 K | 4744 °C | 8571,2 °F
Heat of Fusion
26,8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
690 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,265 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,0017%
Oorvloed in die heelal
2×10-7%
Ultrapure
Beeld Krediete: Images-of-elements
Ultrapure niobium bead, slightly oxidized
CAS Nommer
7440-03-1
PubChem CID Nommer
23936
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
146 pm
Kovalente Radius
164 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
1,6 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
6,7589 eV
Atoom volume
10,87 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,537 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Toepassings
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.

Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.

The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.

Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
93Nb
Onstabiele Isotope
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb