Plutonium

94
Pu
Groep
n/a
Periode
7
Blok
f
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
94
94
150
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
94
Atoommassa
[244]
Massa Nommer
244
Kategorie
Aktiniede
Kleur
Silver
Radioaktief
Ja
Named after the planet Pluto
Kristalstruktuur
Simple Monoclinic
Geskiendenis
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.

Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.

The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Pu
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
19,816 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kookpunt
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Heat of Fusion
n/a
Heat of Vaporization
325 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
-
Oorvloed in die aardkors
n/a
Oorvloed in die heelal
n/a
A
Beeld Krediete: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS Nommer
7440-07-5
PubChem CID Nommer
23940
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
159 pm
Kovalente Radius
187 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
1,28 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
6,0262 eV
Atoom volume
12,32 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Toepassings
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.

Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.

Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
-
Onstabiele Isotope
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu