Gadolinium
64
Gd
Groep
n/a
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
64
64
93
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
64
Atoommassa
157,25
Massa Nommer
157
Kategorie
Lantaniede
Kleur
Silver
Radioaktief
Nee
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Kristalstruktuur
Eenvoudige seshoekige
Geskiendenis
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
7,895 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Kookpunt
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Heat of Fusion
10 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
305 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,236 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,00052%
Oorvloed in die heelal
2×10-7%
CAS Nommer
7440-54-2
PubChem CID Nommer
23982
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
180 pm
Kovalente Radius
196 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
1,2 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
6,1501 eV
Atoom volume
19,9 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,106 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
1, 2, 3
Toepassings
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdOnstabiele Isotope
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd