Jodium
53
I
Groep
17
Periode
5
Blok
p
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
53
53
74
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
53
Atoommassa
126,90447
Massa Nommer
127
Kategorie
Halogene
Kleur
Leiklipgrys
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Greek word iodes, violet
Kristalstruktuur
Base Centered Orthorhombic
Geskiendenis
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
4,93 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Kookpunt
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Heat of Fusion
7,76 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
20,9 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,214 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,000049%
Oorvloed in die heelal
1×10-7%
CAS Nommer
7553-56-2
PubChem CID Nommer
807
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
140 pm
Kovalente Radius
139 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
2,66 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
10,4513 eV
Atoom volume
25,74 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,00449 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Toepassings
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
127IOnstabiele Isotope
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I