Rutenium
44
Ru
Groep
8
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
44
44
57
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
44
Atoommassa
101,07
Massa Nommer
101
Kategorie
Oorgangsmetale
Kleur
Silver
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Latin word Ruthenia, Russia
Kristalstruktuur
Eenvoudige seshoekige
Geskiendenis
Jędrzej Śniadecki isolated the element in 1807, but his work was not ratified.
Jöns Berzelius and Gottfried Osann nearly discovered ruthenium in 1827.
In 1844, Karl Ernst Claus confirmed that there was a new element and isolated ruthenium from the platinum residues of the rouble production while he was working in Kazan University, Kazan.
Jöns Berzelius and Gottfried Osann nearly discovered ruthenium in 1827.
In 1844, Karl Ernst Claus confirmed that there was a new element and isolated ruthenium from the platinum residues of the rouble production while he was working in Kazan University, Kazan.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 18, 15, 1
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Ruthenium is unaffected by air, water and acids
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
12,37 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
2607,15 K | 2334 °C | 4233,2 °F
Kookpunt
4423,15 K | 4150 °C | 7502 °F
Heat of Fusion
25,7 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
580 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,238 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
9,9×10-8%
Oorvloed in die heelal
4×10-7%
CAS Nommer
7440-18-8
PubChem CID Nommer
23950
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
134 pm
Kovalente Radius
146 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
2,2 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
7,3605 eV
Atoom volume
8,3 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
1,17 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Toepassings
Ruthenium is used in platinum and palladium alloys to make wear-resistant electrical contacts.
Ruthenium dioxide and lead and bismuth ruthenates are used in thick-film chip resistors.
Fountain pen nibs are frequently tipped with alloys containing ruthenium.
Ruthenium is a versatile catalyst.
Ruthenium dioxide and lead and bismuth ruthenates are used in thick-film chip resistors.
Fountain pen nibs are frequently tipped with alloys containing ruthenium.
Ruthenium is a versatile catalyst.
Ruthenium is a suspected carcinogen and its compounds strongly stain the skin
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
96Ru, 98Ru, 99Ru, 100Ru, 101Ru, 102Ru, 104RuOnstabiele Isotope
87Ru, 88Ru, 89Ru, 90Ru, 91Ru, 92Ru, 93Ru, 94Ru, 95Ru, 97Ru, 103Ru, 105Ru, 106Ru, 107Ru, 108Ru, 109Ru, 110Ru, 111Ru, 112Ru, 113Ru, 114Ru, 115Ru, 116Ru, 117Ru, 118Ru, 119Ru, 120Ru