Nikkel
28
Ni
Groep
10
Periode
4
Blok
d
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
28
28
31
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
28
Atoommassa
58,6934
Massa Nommer
59
Kategorie
Oorgangsmetale
Kleur
Grys
Radioaktief
Nee
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Kristalstruktuur
Gesiggesentreerde kubieke
Geskiendenis
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 16, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
8,912 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1728,15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Kookpunt
3186,15 K | 2913 °C | 5275,4 °F
Heat of Fusion
17,2 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
378 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,444 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
0,0089%
Oorvloed in die heelal
0,006%
CAS Nommer
7440-02-0
PubChem CID Nommer
935
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
124 pm
Kovalente Radius
124 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
1,91 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
7,6398 eV
Atoom volume
6,59 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
0,907 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Toepassings
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64NiOnstabiele Isotope
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni