Kalsium
20
Ca
Groep
2
Periode
4
Blok
s
Protrone
Elektrone
Neutrone
20
20
20
Algemene Eienskappe
Atoom Nommer
20
Atoommassa
40,078
Massa Nommer
40
Kategorie
Aardalkalimetale
Kleur
Silver
Radioaktief
Nee
From the Latin word calx, lime
Kristalstruktuur
Gesiggesentreerde kubieke
Geskiendenis
Calcium was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Elektrone per skil
2, 8, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasie
[Ar] 4s2
The shell of an egg is made up of primarily calcium carbonate
Fisiese Eienskappe
Fase
Soliede
Digtheid
1,54 g/cm3
Smeltpunt
1115,15 K | 842 °C | 1547,6 °F
Kookpunt
1757,15 K | 1484 °C | 2703,2 °F
Heat of Fusion
8,54 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
155 kJ/mol
Spesifieke Hitte Kapasiteit
0,647 J/g·K
Oorvloed in die aardkors
5%
Oorvloed in die heelal
0,007%
Beeld Krediete: Wikimedia Commons (Matthias Zepper)
Pure calcium in a protective argon gas atmosphere
CAS Nommer
7440-70-2
PubChem CID Nommer
5460341
Atomiese Eienskappe
Atoom radius
197 pm
Kovalente Radius
176 pm
Elektronegatiewiteit
1,00 (Pauling scale)
Ionisasie potensiaal
6,1132 eV
Atoom volume
29,9 cm3/mol
Termiese geleidingsvermoë
2,01 W/cm·K
Oksidasiestate
1, 2
Toepassings
Calcium is used to remove oxygen, sulfur and carbon from alloys.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
Calcium is considered to be non-toxic
Isotope
Stabiele Isotope
40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46CaOnstabiele Isotope
34Ca, 35Ca, 36Ca, 37Ca, 38Ca, 39Ca, 41Ca, 45Ca, 47Ca, 48Ca, 49Ca, 50Ca, 51Ca, 52Ca, 53Ca, 54Ca, 55Ca, 56Ca, 57Ca